Breast reduction surgery
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| Breast reduction surgery is
oriented toward women with large, pendulous breasts, since the
weight of their breasts may cause neck, back, shoulder,
circulation, or breathing problems. The weight may also cause
discomfort as a result of brassiere straps abrading or irritating
the skin. Even if physical discomfort is not a problem, some women
feel awkward with the enormity of their breasts in proportion to
the rest of their relatively smaller bodies. Reduction mammoplasty
affords the recipient smaller, lighter, and firmer breasts. The
surgeon may also reduce the size of and change the shape of the
areola or nipples.
Except in unusual cases, this procedure is performed on individuals with fully-developed breasts. It is not recommended for women who desire to breastfeed, as it can impair the likelihood of breastfeeding success and significantly decrease the volume of breast milk produced because of the surgical disruption to the lactiferous duct system within the breast. However, a number of studies have demonstrated a similar ability to breast feed when breast reduction patients are compared to control groups. TechniquesThe most common procedure, sometimes known as a "Wise-pattern" reduction, involves an anchor-shaped incision which circles the areola. The incision extends downward, following the natural curve of the breast. Excess glandular tissue, fat, and skin is removed. Next, the nipple and areola are moved into their new higher position. Recently there has been increasing interest in limited scar techniques which leave only a vertical scar or a vertical scar with a shorter horizontal scar. In some extreme cases of drooping, the areola and nipple may need to be completely removed for relocation and replaced as a skin graft (aka "free nipple graft"). In these cases, sensation from the areola area will be lost. The Inferior Pedicle technique is believed to preserve the lactation potential better than other techniques. The Free Nipple Graft technique is most likely to impair lactation, although some women have been known to successfully produce some amounts of milk. ProcedureDoctors almost always perform breast reductions while the patient is under general anesthesia. During pre-operative visits, the doctor and patient may decide on new (usually higher) positions for the areolas and nipples. Patients may take a few weeks for initial recovery, however it may take from six months to a year for the body to completely adjust to the new breast size. Some women may experience discomfort during their initial menstruation following the surgery due to the breasts swelling. Article Source: wikipedia.org Breast Augmentation Pictures
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